Shamira

=Crafting the story in "history": Researching and analyzing different types of historical artifacts to construct an authentic narrative of the past= = = ==Humanities Credit Recovery Home Page==

Extra Credit: Due Wednesday, June 15 by 2:30pm (summer school slots are called in at 3pm)

Jack Finney, the author of Time and Again, has been told by his editor that if the book is going to be advertised as "the "classic illustrated novel" he needs to include more historical artifacts, so he has hired you to help him out.

//*No more than 2 of each type (for example no more than 2 photos of buildings)- see list below//
 * Research 4 artifacts** (see list below of some of the ones we've looked at) that could further bring his story to life.
 * You must have 2 from the 1880's **and 2 from the 1970's**


 * For each artifact (total of 4) you must identify:**
 * **the chapter**
 * **the time period**
 * **context and significance: what's happening in the chapter-- what is your artifact depicting? How does it connect with the events of the chapter?**
 * **a caption (when you upload and insert the link you can re-size it and add a caption)**
 * **one quote that is evidence of the connection**
 * **proper MLA citation of the source***

*No matter how great your stuff is you WILL NOT get credit unless you give proper credit! If it's an image, here's the citation machine link: []

__Types of sources we studied to tell the story of the past:__ //*No more than 2 of each type!//
 * documentary photographs of people
 * newspaper articles from the period
 * clothing
 * architecture
 * songs
 * games
 * personal interview
 * objects
 * others we haven't explored are fine, too


 * Post this work on your personal page. See below for an example:**

Chapter: Chapter 19 Time Period: 1880's Context and Significance: Julia and Simon see Mrs. Carmody at the Charity Ball, the social event of NYC, who already knows about the fire but cares more about her social status. Artifact:
 * [[image:http://sofcr.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/placeholder?w=200&h=50 width="200" height="50" caption="Clothing similar to what would have been worn to the Charity Ball"]] ||
 * Clothing similar to what would have been worn to the Charity Ball ||

Caption: see below image Quote: "And the //women// in their long but off-shoulder and often surprisingly low-cut gowns — well, if the daytime dress of the eighties tended to be drab, these women made up for it tonight. I don't know the terminology of women's clothes or the materials they're made of; I'll quote again directly from next morning's account of the ball in the //Times:// Mrs. Grace wore cream colored brocaded satin with pearl front. Mrs. R.H.L. Townsend wore blue satin brocaded with leaves and flowers of gold; Mrs. Lloyd S. Bryce wore white brocaded satin flounced with lace; Mrs. Stephen H. Olin wore white watered silk, with pearl and diamond ornaments. Mrs. Woolsey wore black tulle with black satin waist and diamond ornaments. Mrs. C.G. Francklyn wore white silk and diamonds. Mrs. Commodore Vanderbilt wore white silk and diamonds. Mrs. Crawford wore blue silk. Mrs. J.C. Barron wore white satin and lace with diamonds. My reason for quoting this is that these women, a hall filled with them, absolutely //glittered."// pp323

MLA citation: "Image ID: 804542 An evening party. (1888)." //NYPL Digital Gallery//. Web. 27 May 2011. <[]¬word=&d=&c=&f=&k=0&total=270&num=0&imgs=20&pNum=&pos=10>.

Chapter: Chapter 5 Time period: 1882 Context & Significance: The stamp on the envelope from Carmadoy that Simon is looking after Artifact:

Quote:"I took the envelope. It bore a canceled three-cent stamp bearing a profile of Washington in a design I'd never seen before, and the postmark circle read: "New York, N.Y., Main Post Office, Jan. 23, 1882, 6:00PM" Under this it was hand-addressed in black ink to "Andrew W. Carmodoy, Esq.,589 Fifth Avenue, City."" (pg. MLA Citation: "CENTRE GROTON, CONN." //PhilaMercury Project PhilaMercury//. Web. 15 Jun 2011. . Chapter: Chapter 20 Time Period: 1882 Context & Significance: Simon and Julia are running from the cops and run into the train station to make their escape. Artifact: Quote: "We walked quickly to the platform, and passing the engine, I turned to look back toward the head of the stairs we'd come up, and saw the helmet raising into view, then the cop's face, and saw his head turn and catch sight of us. Then Julia and I ran along the platform toward the stairs at its end, and we passed the car, i heard the conductor slam the waist high metal gate of its open platform...He staggered, then stood staring after us as we rolled past the end of the station platform. (pg.346) MLA: "Heart of Retail Trade, New York City East Side, 1880." //Super Stock//. Web. 15 Jun 2011. .

Chapter: Chapter 1 Time period:1970 Context & Significance: Simon's Daily job is to drawn out objects for advertisements. Artifact:

Quote: "In short-sleeves, the way I generally worked, I sat sketching a bar of soap taped to an upper corner of my drawing board. The gold-foil wrapper was carefully peeled back so that you could still read most of the brand name printed on it; I'd spoiled the wrappers of half a dozen bars before getting that effect." (pg. 7). MLA: "1970 1971 WONDER BREAD AD Little REDHEAD GIRL on CHAIR." //Product Info//. Web. 15 Jun 2011. .

Chapter: Chapter 7 Time Period:1970 Context & Significance: Simon is conversating with Oscar Rossoff, and Oscar explains to him about things he must erase from his mind in order to do this project. And this may have been one of the images that went through his brain that he was suppose to erase out of his mind. Artifact: ====== Quote: "It's begininng to happen now. There are no such things as automobiles, Si;there are no planes, computers, television, no world in which they are possible. 'Nuclear' and 'electronics' appear in no dictionary anywhere on the face of the earth. (pg. 99)

**Wednesday, May 18 (Double Period)**
1st Period: Open Note Quiz on 15 and 16 You have until 3:00 to finish quiz then we move into 2nd period.

Chapter 15: The Building where Jake Pickering's Office is located 1. [202-203] Cite one "Show" (Indirect) and one "Tell" (Direct) Description of the building. Direct: "It was depressing to look at. In the windows of the New York Belting and Packing Company lay a stack of gray cardboard boxes and piled-up coils of leather belting; next to it was a dingy-looking stationer's: Willy Wallach." (pg. 202) Indirect: "It had no distinction; just a plain, tired-looking, flat-roofed old building with storefronts on the street floor, and above them four identical stories of narrow, closely spaced windows." (pg. 202) 2. [203] Cite the example of the literary technique of "foreshadowing" on pg. 203  "I saw **Scientific-American** under a row of third-floor windows, and down a the far end of the same floor hung a sign I glanced at as casually as at the others, and which-I mean this literally-I later saw in nightmares, and still do. **THE NEW-YORK OBSERVER**, this one said ." 3. [205] a. What kind of work is happening in the building? b. How is the building currently being heated? a) Construction work b) By burning wood 4. [206] What floor is Jake's office on? 3rd floor 5. [207] Where does the door inside his office lead? His own personal elevator shaft in a padlock office. 6. [211-212] Cite evidence from text showing how Jake reacts when he discovers Simon drawing Julia's portrait again. "In any case, it was somehow unbearable to him; more than rage, it was emotion past thought: berserk. His eyes lifted from the pad to my face. They were very small now, the whites reddened, and they were absolutely implacable....and slamming an instant later." (pg. 212). 7. 216] When Jake comes back, what has he done? He shows off his tattoo of Julia's name written across his chest. Chapter 16 The Board Room Decision 8. [218-219] Describe 2 ways in which Simon thinks the people of the 1880's were different than the people of 1970 NYC. One way is that peoples faces of 1970 were so dull and the same. No one really looked different like how they did in 1880, to where as there was excitement in the streets of 1882 that aren't there anymore. And no one really took the pleasure of Madison Square. They just walked through it or around it. No one was bored, and people had a drive in their life that was meaningful. 9. [222-223] What went wrong with the Denver time travel experiment? Ted mentioned a friend in his mission, that existed in his time but not the time he was in for his mission, therefore when coming back he evidently killed his friend. Mentioning someone in the future in the past seems to have the power to cancel out someone that was existing ing the future. 10. [four parts] What does Danziger think should happen with the Time Travel project [226-227]? He thinks that it should discontinue, except for the study of what they have already. How do Colonel Esterhazy and Rube Prien think they should proceed [226-229]? The Colonel says the should stop for a while, think about it and comeback to it. While Rube thinks they should still continue, taking the risk, because the American way of making history is taking risk. Who wins? Esterhazy & Rube What does Simon decide [233]? He decides to stay in the project, taking risk and all, to see Julia again.

=== 2nd Period: Skim through chapter 17, looking at the photos of the sleigh outing all of the Boarders at 19 Gramercy Park go on together. Jake has rented these sleighs for a celebration: he announces at the end that he and Julia are engaged. Read pg254 and 255 carefully. Skim through the photos in chapter 18. Which ones do you recognize? Read pages 273-276 carefully-- this is foreshadowing.... Read Chapter 19, paying special attention to the ending of the meeting with Jake and Carmody. This will be key to solving the mystery.... ===

**Wednesday, May 11 (Double Period)**
Refresh 162-168

Chapter 13



Chapter 14 Review the criteria on the following page: Credibility of Electronic Sources

Partner Research Jigsaw: Choose a partner and decide who will research which topic:
 * Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring
 * Inspector Thomas Byrnes


 * 1) Locate one non-credible source (aside from wikipedia), list it on your PP, and note which reason(s) from the "Credibility " page make it non-credible.
 * [|William Tweed] Is an non-credible site because, spelling is off, there are no reffereneces, you don't know who the author is, it's not reviewed by experts, and you don't know when it was posted up.
 * [|Thomas Byrnes Facebook, Twitter, and Myspace Peekyou] is not credible because it has nothing to deal with what I am looking for.

William Tweed was a corruptionist in the public in the late 1860's. He was the boss for politics in New York City. His facillities were located on 14st called the Tammy Hall. His funds came from bribes, he controlled the mayor, and he rewarded political supporters. He built a court house that almost was ridiculously priced $13 million (meaning $178 million today). When a committee found out the reason why the construction for the courthouse took so long, it cost them $7,718 ($105,000) to print the report because Tweed owned the printing company too. Inspector Thomas F. Byrnes was New York's finest detective in the 1860's. He got on the force in 1863, while being an self educated Irish immigrant. Became a sergeant in 1869 and then rose to a captain in 1870. He solved the robbery of Manhattan Savings Bank in 1878. He retired in 1895 after being the chief of the police for three years. And then he perished in 1990.
 * 1) Locate one credible source, cite it correctly according to MLA, and note which reason(s) from the "Credibility " page make it credible.
 * Digital History Mintz, S. (2007). Boss Tweed. //Digital History//. Retrieved 11 May 2011 from http://www.digitalhistory.uh.ed(http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=211). This site is credible because there are reffenences, there's a date written, you know the author, and it's from a text boo.
 * Byrk, W. (2001). Inspector Thomas F. Byrnes, Inventor of the Third Degre e. New York Press. Retrieved 11 May 2011 from http://www.nypress.com (http://www.nypress.com/article-4773-inspector-thomas-f-byrnes-inventor-of-the-third-degree.html) This is obviously a reasonably site because it's from a newspaper company.


 * 1) Write a one paragraph summary of your topic on your PP.
 * 2) Copy and paste your summary and your source onto your partner's PP (so you both will have background info on each topic).

**Historical Research on "the Dakota"**

 * [[image:UWS017-Dakota7.jpg height="406" caption="http://www.nyc-architecture.com/UWS/UWS017.htm"]] ||
 * http://www.nyc-architecture.com/UWS/UWS017.htm ||

1) Find a good image of The Dakota building (but you can't use the ones I have; there's one below, too! :-) ). Upload it onto your personal page, adjust it to a reasonable size, and in the "caption" box paste the url of the site where you found the image. [NOTE: this is not the same thing as "citing" the source according to MLA standards, but at least it acknowledges where you got it]. 2) Find a good image of a detail (a part of the building, not the whole thing) you described in your walking trip chart. Same as above, upload to your page, adjust size, and paste the url into the caption box.

3) Post your Observations and Inferences Chart on your personal page, beneath the images.

4) Based on listening to the podcast below about the Dakota, use what you hear to write the "story" of the Dakota. (Ignore the information about Rosemary's baby-- it's only relevant in that the building was an important part of that movie, just like it's an important part of our book __Time and Again__). []

5) Go to Citation Machine [], go to the MLA link, from there go to the "podcast" link, and follow the directions for formally citing the Bowery Boys podcast if this were a college research paper. Post the final product on your Personal Page, beneath your summary. -NO film has been shot inside of the building. Edward clark brached out into real estate. To draw people up town they were building lux apartment building. The building signified wealth/distance. He was building outside of what new york was known for. 72 and central park west. The building is 110 feet. North german renaissance. Similar to town hall. Ornate. The design is typically French. Rooms look outside. To the street or court yard. Most of the floors made of sterling silver. High sealing’s. in house generators. Clark was trying to attract millionaires. Business man, actors, and artists. Young, Gregory. "#8 Dakota Apartments and 'Rosemary's Baby'." //NYC History: Bowery Boys Archive//. LIBSYN, 05 Oct 2008. Web. 12 Apr 2011. .

Walking trip to 72nd and Central Park West



Sketch and Describe factual observations, then make inferences from those observations. [|Arch as Arti.doc]



Coursework for Tuesday, April 5th

 In a previous class we were discussing the role of the observer-- how challenging it is to discover an "objective" truth about the past, given that not only are sources biased but the observer is, too! And that the only way to deal with that is to make the "subjectivity" part of the story, asking questions about the creator of the artifact, and looking at our own biases when interpreting these artifacts.

 I asked you to identify the characteristics of person who would make a good observer if they could travel back in time, and explain your choices.

 We are going to start our historical fiction novel today. It's called __Time and Again__, by Jack Finney. In it a character from 1970 New York City is able to go back in time to observe the past. We are going to explore the author's choices in creating his main character.

 As you read Chapter 1 (pp 7-17), please fill in* the following chart describing the main character Jack Finney has created, then upload your completed chart onto your personal page:

 *When I say fill in I mean do it electronically; do NOT print it out (Christina! :-) )  *You must complete a minimum of **3 characteristics, ALL THE WAY ACROSS THE ENTIRE ROW**. Your Name: Schofield



Tuesday, March 29

**Exhibition Week Assignments (for Tuesday, March 29 and Wednesday, March 30)**
Both are due **before class** next Tuesday, April 5th (we'll be using them in class)

**What was life like in New York City in 1970?**
Next week we will begin reading our historical fiction novel as we further explore the “story” in “history”.

In the book a person living in New York City in 1970 is chosen by a secret government agency to travel back in time.

In order to establish some context for 1970 New York City we need to do a little background research. As a source we will use a personal interview.

According to the guidelines described in Assignment 1 and Assignment 2 below, you will be recording and summarizing an interview with a person who:
 * was at least 10 years old in 1970
 * either was living in NYC in 1970 or visited on a trip at that time

=== **The Personal Interview as a Source for Historical Research: Assignment 1** ===

1) On your Personal Page, write out a list of **10** questions you could ask someone to find out what life was like in New York City in 1970 (although you can always add additional ones on the spot—just make sure to add it to your list). Try to think of questions that will get specific details and colorful descriptions that help you feel as if you were there.
 * What was Life like in New York City in 1970?**

2) Use the voice recorder on your phone or on a computer to record the person’s answers.
 * Record each question separately (to reduce the size of the audio files).
 * Just record the person as they answer, not you asking the question (again, to reduce the size and shorten the length of time).
 * If you record on your phone, you will need to email the files to yourself so you can download them onto a computer.

3) Record the...
 * Date of the Interview: April 5th, 2011
 * Name of the person interviewed: Deborah A slenian
 * Age of the person in 1970:
 * Where in NYC they lived (or where in NYC they went while on vacation):

=== **The Personal Interview as a Source for Historical Research: Assignment 2** === 1) On your Personal Page, upload the voice recordings (audio files) for **at least 5** of the most descriptive answers.
 * In EDIT mode, put the cursor in the place where the answer should go.
 * Click on “File” in the toolbar, then “Upload” and browse your computer to find your audio files.
 * Select the audio file that is the answer to that question.
 * Once it uploads, click on that file, and it will be inserted into your wikipage.

2) Summary: What was life like in New York City in 1970? Write a descriptive summary of what you learned from your interview. __What was the technology like back then?__ -There were no computer’s, cell phones. -Type up in electric typewriter -The movies cheap -__What was the Style?__ -Bell-bottoms, platform shoes, thick long sideburns, thick hair __I know the Hippies were a big thing back. Can you tell me about them/ or what do you know about them?__ -In late ‘60’s to 70’s they were rebellious to the generation that made the Vietnam War or had to do with it. That produced the war. They just wanted peace & love. __What happened to the veterans from the Vietnam War?__ -People came back on heavy drugs, mental, wounded badly. The veterans weren’t glorified. Horrible war, no love really. A lot of people protested against the war. __What was the Transportation like?__ -It was the same, a lot of graffiti on the train station. __What about the Music?__ -Rolling Stones, Patti Smith, Rock & Roll. They were big back then, I think. I listened to jazz so I don’t really know that much. __How bad was the crim__e? -New York was more dangerous before, than it is now. Muggings __What did people value in?__ -Not very materialistic, values were different, more culture glory than material stuff. Money was worth more.
 * Transcribe (which means write the exact words out) at least **3** quotes from your interviewee as evidence within your text.
 * Cite your source according to MLA requirements: []

Back in the '70's, according to Deborah A slenian, there was high crime, funky styles, "Bell-bottoms, platform shoes, thick long sideburns, thick hair," peace & love hippie people, back in the day. (Aslenian, //Personal interview:1970//, 2011). It was a rock and roll time, people cared more about within themselves instead of materialistic things, "Not very materialistic, values were different, more culture glory than material stuff. Money was worth more."(Aslenian, //Personal interview:1970//, 2011). It was also a time of tragedy, after the Vietnam war, "People came back on heavy drugs, mental, wounded badly. The veterans weren’t glorified. Horrible war, no love really. A lot of people protested against the war." (Aslenian, //Personal interview:1970//, 2011). Also tech was that big back then, things were cheaper, but so were wages. But in the end people were more free, determine, lived life, worked for what they wanted, protested out something they didn't like, were passionate for things, loved life, and make the best out of what little they could.

Wednesday, March 23

**The Role of the Observer**
Part 1: Wait for verbal instructions for your pink slip Part 2: Write a 4 sentence reflection based on the pink slip activity, addressing **"Who Else is Hidden in the Picture? The role of the observer when trying to determine historical truth by analyzing primary source documents".** Basically when observing a photo, you also have to look inside you and your background. You __project__ yourself when observing the photo. Whatever it is that you put out observation is your projection of your personal feelings. Part 3: An Observer in Time The government has discovered a possible way for a person to actually go back in time to see for him/herself what actually occurred in history. They have to select the perfect candidate for this role. What would those qualifications be?

Need to keep up a good act so that they don't blow up their cover. Be discreet so that things do not change,only if that is part of the mission, if they are allowed to apply their ideas then they should do so, so that the future can be better than what it is now. ||
 * __**Consider...**__ || __**Describe ideal**__ || __**Explain Why**__ ||
 * __**Gender**__ || Doesn't matter || Gender shouldn't matter just as long as they can do the job. ||
 * __**Background**__ || Doesn't really matter || Shouldn't really matter as long as they can do the job. ||
 * __**Skills**__ || That they should be historians, and educated about the history they are about to enter in. That they can deeply analyze the situation with a expansion of thought. Also know how to keep things discreet, to not tell what happens in the future. Good at acting to keep the discreet act up. Know how to dig deep without pushing someone over to the edge to get what they need/want. || They should be educated so that they know what they're going up against.
 * __**Interests**__ || That they are interested into going into the past and the history. Very enthusiastic about it, but not overwhelmingly enthusiastic. || So that they do not become annoying, and mess up the mission. To collect information that is assigned to them, not tell the individuals that they are interacting with everything, and mess up history as it already is. ||
 * __**Personal qualities/character**__ || They would need integrity. || Integrity is needed in this person because they would be honest, and have high morals ||
 * __**Other considerations:**__ ||  ||   ||

Tuesday, March 22nd:

**Photographs as evidence from the past: Do documentary photographs depict the truth?**
1.a. Look up the definition of “objective”: (of a person or judgment) not based on personal feelings or opinions in considering or representing facts. It also doesn't depend on the mind and individuals view point. b. Look up the definition of “subjective": based on personal feelings, opinions and, may depend on the individuals mind and view point.  c. In your own words, compare these two terms: They both result in stories with the peoples perception on what is being described.   d. If you read an autobiography to learn about the past, is this an objective or subjective source? Explain: It would be subjective, because it's coming from that persons view point of whatever information they are sending out to the world.

2. Analyze the following quote by answering a and b below: “Photographed images do not seem to be statements about the world so much as pieces of it.” a) Translate this sentence into other words - Images do not, or seem, explain what is going on on the world, or represents about it, only pieces of it.   b) Interpret what this sentence means (hint: “…//do not seem to be//…” is key!) - That pictures may not have a deeper meaning of everything that is going on in the world. That there is way more to that picture. It only captures that piece of that moment.

3. Read the following text: “Historians often regard photographs as a critical form of documentary evidence that hold up a mirror to past events. Public and scholarly faith in the realism of the photographic image is grounded in a belief that a photograph is a mechanical reproduction of reality. Susan Sontag captured the essence of that faith in her monumental reverie //On Photography// when she wrote “Photographed images do not seem to be statements about the world so much as pieces of it.” And in arranging these pieces to form historical mosaics, teachers and scholars have rarely paused to submit photographs to the usual tests applied to other forms of documentary evidence. For example, we have been trained to factor in the subjectivity of the author when we read autobiographical writing. But when we encounter an historical photograph, “shot for the record,” we often treat the image as the product of a machine and therefore an objective artifact.” a. Summarize the main point(s) of that passage: - When a photo is seen people do not fully analyze the fact of if the image is really evidence. They just take it and mark it up as evidence of fact of whatever is going on in that time period.

Text continued: “Since they are regarded as inherently truthful, photographs are frequently used to illustrate history textbooks. Publishers, not authors, usually select images to accompany history texts, and the images are used merely as illustrations and not as historical documents in their own right. As a consequence, today’s history students miss out on the opportunity to explore the fascinating visual dimensions of the past, to play detective with a mountain of photographic images that far outnumber traditional written documents. This essay seeks to lay out strategies for subjecting photographs to the same tests we apply to written documents when we use them as historical evidence. Exercising such scrutiny, students can bring to light the narratives hidden within images that are not always examined, despite our traditional belief that “a picture is worth a thousand words.” (from History Matters [] ) b. Summarize the main point(s) of that passage: -Unfortunately most of the images that are used to interpert history was not fully anaylzed and have the backstory on them. -That a class dissected a mountain of photographic images that far outnumber traditional written documents. - To use the same interrogation on photos that is used to documents to use as historical evidence.

4. The above text states “…students can bring to light the narratives hidden within images that are not always examined…”. Brainstorm 4 or more questions a historian should ask (then research) in order to get at the “hidden narrative” within **//any//** photograph:
 * 1) What was going on during this time; what's the back story?
 * 2) Who is the person responsible for this image?
 * 3) What was the artist agenda?
 * 4) What was so important that this image had to be captured?

5. What is the “hidden narrative” within Jacob Riis’s photograph Bandit’s Roost? For help you can refer back to the website we used last time: [] That it was a horrible living condition that it looked like where crime could rise up amongst that area. That the Journalist who took that photo was trying to manipulate the system for manipulating his fellow foreigners.

6. So, describe the “truth” that documentary photographs depict (//in general-- not just that one photograph!//): What is only happening in that very moment, of what you can see, and nothimg else, unless you deeply analyze it. It gives you a piece of the truth, but blinds you the rest of the story.

DO NOT LEAVE; move your chair into semi-circle at the front of the room.

Wednesday, March 16

**The Stories that Photographs Tell**
1a) It's a black and white photo an ally between two houses/boarding, with numerous of people in that area. Some poking their heads out of the window, on the steps, on the walkway of the ally. There's seems to be a clothes line between the two buildings, and they're clothes hanging on the lines to dry. some of the men look professional with they're bowling top hats on, and fancy jackets, and canes/walking stick, look like business men. In the background there are barrels filled with stuff to the left, and all the way back there is a fence. b) A back door look in the ally. 2a) I think it's in brooklyn, queens or lower east side of Manhattan, where the immigrants lived. Or an area where immigrants lived. And it looks like some of the men in the photo where getting ready to go to work, coming back from work, or on break and whatever. Also maybe this photo was taken in the late 1880's or early 1900's, and these people may not have a lot of money, but make sure that they are well dressed for work or whatever it is they do. Maybe they have a washing machine but no dryer, or just no washing machine and had to wash by hand and dry clothes on the clothes line. b) A look on weekly days of immigration. 3) Maybe to see this is where the thief's lie. Where they're hangout spot is. Bandit-being a robber and Roost-being a comfortable place, or where a place to rest. 4) Jacob Riis was a Danish American photographer, who took photos of the truth. He was like an investigator and published truthful stories about what was going on in New York City. His stories and photos help change New York City, when revealing the things about tenement housing. So he was a journalist and a photographer. [|Jacob Riis] [|Jacob Riis: Biography] He was born in Ribe, Denmark. He was a carpenter there at first. WHen he traveled to the U.S in 1870, he couldn't find work and had to live in the police lodging houses. He did other various jobs before working at the New York City's news bureau. 5a) "<span style="color: #3a4592; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;">Author of popular newspaper stories and the book //How the Other Half Lives//, an indictment of the living conditions of immigrant workers in New York City’s Lower East Side neighborhood, Riis was much in demand as a lecturer. " b) Basically Jacob Riis wrote about the life style of immigrants, and he demanded for a change. 6) He, Jacob Riis, basically used the people in the lower east side to create stories and send it out to show other people what type of city New York City is. Allowing this unacceptable conditions which allows sickness crime, and other miscellaneous things. They believe an associate took the photo. It was taken to show look this is where crime and horrible breeding can begin. Also staged some of his photos to really get people attention to see the poor life conditions the immigrants where living in.